Cuba had a very large native population, although exact estimate of its size range from the hundreds of thousands into the millions. Shortly thereafter, a small number of Christian kingdoms led by Asturias began the Reconquista, a series of Crusades with the aim of driving the last Muslims from the Iberian Peninsula.
It is unclear as to what became of these imported scent hounds. The Dogo Cubano was generally similar to other Mastiffs, although it was still quite distinct. Although he died believing that he had reached Indonesia, Columbus became the first European to discover the Caribbean.
Cuban Mastiff, Cuba Mastiff, Mastin Cubano, Mastin de Cuba, Copyright © 2014, EasyPetMD Inc. All Rights Reserved. Dog fighting and bull fighting became increasingly rare, and the practice of fighting bulls with dogs eventually disappeared altogether. While on the island, these dogs bred together and eventually there was no differentiating between the two large breeds and they became known as the Dogo Cubano. However, it is uncertain whether these were a true Cuban breed or just a name used to describe all Molosser-type dogs. Those natives who fled to the woods to continue the resistance were hunted down with dogs and then killed. Its origins are uncertain, but it was thought to have descended from English Mastiffs introduced to a Cuban monastery in the mid 16th century. The head of the Dogo Cubano was said to be intermediate between that of other Mastiffs and scent hounds. Prior to this time, slavery was very widespread across Cuba, and a very large percentage of the island’s population was comprised of slaves. Since the Dogo Cubano was not considered a fit companion dog, they slowly went extinct over the ears and by the 1900âs they were never seen again. By the 1940s, the Cubo Dogano had been extensively interbred with breeds like the Dogo Argentino and American Pit Bull. The tail of this breed was apparently quite variable. It was extremely expensive to keep such an animal, especially on an island that suffered from mass poverty. Other sources seem to imply that all of the scent hounds were crossed with Dogo Cubanos. Because there are no records of Spanish scent hounds being imported into Cuba, some do not believe they were ever crossed with these dogs. Some say the Mastiff group was descended from the Alaunt which originated from the Caucasus Mountains and lived among the Alan tribe.
Although the breed name was retained, these dogs were radically altered from their early origins.
They appeared to be similar to the Mastiff or bulldog in its appearance and stood around 20 inches tall. The coat of the Dogo Cubano was quite short, as befits a dog native to balmy Cuba. This dog was also alive during the time of slaveholders and were known to be trained to attack as a form of punishment. Breeding of Dogo Cubanos ceased almost entirely by 1900, and the last remaining breed members died out shortly thereafter. The Spaniards took over the island, and so did their giant Mastiff and Alano dogs. In 711, most of the Visigothic Kingdom of Spain was conquered by Islamic Moors from North Africa leaving a few pockets of resistance in the Northwest and Pyrenees Mountains. Its origins are uncertain, but it was thought to have descended from English Mastiffs introduced to a Cuban monastery in the mid 16th century. The Dogo Cubano was known to be highly animal aggressive, willing and eager to fight bulls and other dogs to the death. The Cuban natives possessed none of this technology leaving them nearly helpless against these ferocious beasts. It is also commonly claimed that the Mastiffs are in fact descended from the Alaunt, a type of Caucasian Owtcharka kept by the Alan tribe of the Caucasus Mountains. The Cuban Mastiff is mentioned in the works of renowned canine authors Stonehenge and George Wood, as well as in several encyclopedias. This family is one of the oldest groups of domestic dogs, although their history is incredibly disputed.
There is substantial disagreement as to what types of scent hounds were used. The dog was willing to attack ferociously if necessary, but most were trained to subdue with as little violence as necessary in order to avoid seriously injuring valuable slaves. Their ears hung down loosely were medium sized and their muzzle was quite squished on their broad skull. The distinction between the Alano and the Mastin began to disappear on the island.
The same social changes that led to Cuban emancipation movement was going on, blood sports were becoming considerably less popular. However the Mastiffs were introduced into Western Europe, they became widespread. Just as they had in Spain, the Spaniards brought their Mastins and Alanos with them to Cuba, where they proved even more devastating.
It is believed that the Molossus (a fierce war dog of Roman and Greek) was the breed that it was actually descendant from. The Dogo Cubano was a Mastiff-type dog originating in Cuba. In need of new slaves to work their growing plantations, Spanish colonists began importing enslaved Africans from East Africa and captured Muslims from North Africa. Although there are no records, this dog breed was probably similar to the Mastiffs and Bulldogs when it came to health issues. It was bred for many reasons which are to fight with other dogs like Bulldogs and Mastiff in the pit, track slaves in Cuba. All Rights Reserved. Sometimes, dogs would be ordered to chase down and attack innocent natives, on the theory that it would help them maintain their killer instinct. The most common story for their origin is that they are the descendants of the Molossus, feared war dog of the Greek and Roman armies. Although almost all sources agree that they were extensively interbred with the Dogo Cubano, many also claim that at least some were kept pure. The breed was said to be willing to follow its master anywhere, and to lay down its life for him without hesitation if necessary.
Las Casas claimed that there were markets where Spaniards could by human body parts to feed their dogs, but that account is very likely to have been one of his exaggerations. The famed clergymen and native advocate Bartoleme de las Casas was present on Hispaniola in 1495 when the first pitched battle between Spaniards of Caribbean natives took place.
Spaniards would bring their own Mastiffs on their ships when traveling to new countries. They were used to attack enemy foot soldiers, and all three dogs earned a reputation for extreme courage and ferocity. It was a solid, muscular breed, and somewhat smaller than the English Mastiff with a powerful short muzzle and pendulous ears. The muzzle was very wide, giving the dog an immensely powerful bite. Our work is not Public Domain. These breeds were extremely effective combatants before gun powder was in common use. While the Spanish were busy fighting the near constant wars of the Reconquista, the rest of Western Europe was engaged in fighting other Crusades in the Middle East. The Dogo Cubano was also known as the Cuban Mastiff, Cuba Mastiff, Mastin Cubano, and the Mastin de Cuba. The Cuban Dog of today cannot be considered to be the original Dogo Cubano in any shape or form.
This breed was very dense with muscle, big bones, and thick skin. If they could not pay, dogs were used to punish them. Dogs were also used to track down and punish those accused of committing crimes against God and the Catholic Church. The head was apparently relatively square, and possessed a massive musculature.
After Cuba was fully subjugated, most of the natives were enslaved. These sources imply that either the term Cuban Bloodhound was just a way to describe those Dogo Cubanos with the most pronounced scent hound characteristics, or that it was just another name for the entire breed. The Dogo Cubano were mainly bred in order to track down slaves. The Spanish released 20 dogs, which killed their victims by ripping out their throats and disemboweling them. When slavery was abolished in the 1880âs, the dog was no longer in demand like it previously was in the years before. The Dogo Cubano possessed a keen sense of smell which allowed it to track Cimarrones through the Cuban wilds.
Some dogs had straight, long tails, while others of the same breed had shorter curved tails. The dogs were also an extreme psychological advantage for the Spaniards, as the natives had never encountered war dogs before, or any dog larger than a medium-sized Pariah Dog. This breed was most commonly used as a livestock and property guardian, but also as a war dog. Based on what is known about the dog, it was likely extremely dominant, requiring a very firm hand. Not much is known for sure about the breed, but there are a number of records of its existence. Believing that the island possessed a great amount of gold, Spanish soldiers and settlers began flooding the island. The Spanish began to employ their Mastins and Alanos against the Cimarrones. The Dogo Cubano was known to be aggressive toward other animals and easily take down large animals during a hunt.
The breed was said to be incredibly heavy for its height, and most sources claim that it was the heaviest of all dogs. The Cuban Mastiff was reputed to be used to hunt down runaway slaves in the Southern States. He discovered Cuba on his first voyage to the New World, reaching the island sometime in October of 1492, less than a year after the last Moors had been driven from Iberia. The original Cubo Dogano is known only from 19th century books and prints. Used in Spain to guard cattle and other livestock from bears and wolves, these dogs also served to prevent Cimarron raids. There is some confusion as to the breed’s relationship with the Cuban Bloodhound with some sources treating them as the same breed and others treating them differently. The Spanish trained their dogs for extreme viciousness, and it was rumored that they were fled human flesh to increase their desire to kill.
Portuguese and Spanish traders began sailing around the coasts of Africa and making tepid journeys far out into the Atlantic Ocean trying to discover a new route to the Orient. This means they were most likely prone to hip dysplasia, breathing issues due to small windpipes, and poor vision. After a number of failed attempts to gain funding for his expedition, Columbus convinced Ferdinand and Isabella, the first rulers of a United Spain (comprised of the former kingdoms of Castille and Aragon), to provide him with three vessels.
There are no populations of large animal found on Cuba which the Dogo Cubano could have hunted.
Such slaves became known as Cimarrones, and independent communities in the Cuban interior. The cross between the Spanish scent hounds gave the breed slightly longer muzzles and longer ears that before. Largely due to introduced disease, the native population of Cuba plummeted. The ears of the Dogo Cubano were dropped down closely to its head, but were occasionally (although not typically) cropped. This breed possessed very pronounced jowls and its face was quite wrinkly, although apparently to a lesser extent than the English Mastiff. Because of the great cost of shipping such large dogs across the Atlantic, and the fact than many dogs perished on the journey, a fairly small number of Spanish dogs arrived on Cuba. Since these fights were to the death, the breeds population slowly dwindled in that country. Most drawings show a dog that had the thick, straight legs of a Mastiff, and a long, straight back. There are many theories on where this dog actually descended from. They were kept for dog fighting and as guard dogs. The appearance of each individual dog was probably quite distinct depending on the relative amounts of Mastiff and blood in its ancestry. These dogs were most popular in Spain and England where they were bred as sport dogs for dog fighting, war dogs, or guard dogs. At the time of slavery, these dogs were kept to chase and catch the slaves that try to escape.
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